children

Federal Lead Paint Laws Tough on Contractors

Federal regulations designed to eliminate childhood lead poisoning go into effect this month. The change brings strict new requirements for building contractors, property owners, renovators and a host of others who work with lead paint.

The new law applies to replacing any window. (Photo by Nancy Eve Cohen)

While health advocates call the regulations long overdue, some contractors say the cost to comply is way too high. As part of a collaboration with Northeast stations, New Hampshire Public Radio’s Amy Quinton reports.

At the New Hampshire Homebuilders Association, contractors are spreading large sheets of plastic over the floor.

“Let’s get our plastic over here. How far up on this wall are we going to lay our tape or our plastic?”

That’s New Hampshire state lead inspector Charles Hillsgrove.  He’s explaining to contractors how to lay protective sheets down during renovation jobs.  Hillsgrove is one of the instructors for a lead paint certification course for contractors.

“What we’re trying to teach them is how to contain their workspace so that no dust gets on the floor in people’s homes, how do you keep the dust in this one room.”

It’s lead dust that poisons most children. In New Hampshire 150 children each year are poisoned by lead, a third of them following a home renovation. In Massachusetts more than 800 children are poisoned every year and in New York  it’s as high as 1500 children.

Kate Kirkwood, who teaches lead certification courses, made that point clear to contractors in a recent class in New Hampshire.

“If we know that the dust we make is toxic, and we’re not trained to do what we should do with it to clean it up afterwards, we walk away, and kids get sick.”

Under the new law, the Environmental Protection Agency will require contractors to take precautions and get certified or potentially face a fine of up to $37,500 per occurrence per day. That may sound steep, but James Bryson, with EPA New England, says the costs are not excessive.

“If you’re not doing this, you’re not protecting your work area, then you could have a child that could be lead poisoned and that’s something we don’t want, no cost is too high for that.”

The law applies to anyone who accepts payment for work in buildings constructed before 1978, the year when lead paint was banned. It applies to any job that disturbs more than six square feet of space, and includes any window replacement.
The EPA estimates that 236,000 renovators nationwide need to get training. But Kirkwood says it’s likely many more. And she says there aren’t enough trainers.

“Last time I checked there were fewet than 100 trainers nationwide. In the state of Maine, they told me they thought there were 16,000 contractors that needed to be trained, and we’ve trained about 600 so far.”

Charles Freiberger, makes homes handicap accessible in New Hampshire. He says he found out about the new certification requirements by chance recently at a home show.

“Most contractors have no clue, I’ll bet probably between 80 and 90% of contractors aren’t even aware of this rule.” But the lack of awareness isn’t the main problem for contractors. It’s the cost.

Companies or individuals who do work have to pay a $300 registration fee with the EPA, on top of taking a $200 certification course. Then there are added costs for protective plastics and vacuums.

Len Perkins with C.P. Property Restorers in New Hampshire says it’s a good rule, but comes at the wrong time. And he says the fines for not complying could put a small company out of business.

“We’re looking at an economy right now with a saturation of contractors. The government is not realizing what these costs and expenses are going to do to a populace that’s already suffering heavily because of the present economy.”

States have the option of enforcing the new regulations on contractors for the EPA and make them even stricter. So far, no states in the Northeast have taken that on.

Read more on WNPR Connecticut Public Radio

Lead Poisoning in Children

Lead poisoning in small children has become more widespread. As a parent, you should educate yourself in the causes, symptoms and treatments of overexposure to this dangerous mineral.

This type of poisoning is caused by a child’s exposure to products that contain lead, which is a heavy metal that is found in the earth’s surface. Overexposure to this metal can cause vomiting, stomach pain, headaches, anemia, seizures, muscle weakness, and hair loss. Anatomically speaking, lead poisoning can affect the brain, bone marrow, and the kidneys.

A lowered level of lead in the body can also cause complications in children. These youngsters may suffer a drop in their IQ, have problems concentrating and learning, and exhibit behavioral disorders.

More than 4% of all American children are suffering from lead poisoning and the leading product that can cause it is old paint that is found in older homes and buildings. Toddlers and small children can be infected by putting lead-based paint chips in their mouth or inhaling dust particles that have specks of paint in them.

Other products that may contain unhealthy levels of lead include food or juice stored in foreign cans or improperly fired ceramic containers. This mineral can also be found in water that travels through old fashioned lead pipes which were also used in older buildings.

There are certain precautions that you can take to protect your children from lead poisoning. You should try to keep your child away from any peeling paint, particularly if you live in a building that was constructed before 1978. You should scrape any of these areas and seal them with new paint, which is all lead-free. You should also make sure that all waste is cleaned up if you are in the process of renovating an older home. If your neighbors are doing any remodeling, your children should wipe their feet and wash their hands any time that they have been in contact with the work area.

If you do live in an older home, you should make an appointment with your doctor to have your child checked for lead poisoning, even if you have not noticed any paint chips or other products present that may contain the metal. Many states offer free lead screenings through their health departments and some school systems require this testing to be done before your child can enroll in school.

For children who do test positive for lead poisoning, most of these youngsters require no treatment. The doctor will give you some guidelines to help you find the source of the lead so that you can remove it. Within a few months, the doctor will check your child’s levels again, and in most cases, the levels will return to normal on their own. In a few of the most serious cases, the doctor may have to prescribe your child medication to bring the most serious lead levels down to normal.

If you have several children who have all tested positive for lead poisoning, the doctor will contact your local health department, who will send specialists to visit your home and remove any lead-based products that are present.

Lead poisoning is a serious condition, but with early detection and proper actions on your part as a parent, it is easy to control.

Lead Poisoning Linked to ADHD, Other Disorders

Lead paint and lead poisoning have long been known to cause a host of health problems, including hearing loss, stunted body growth and even reduced I.Q. But new research points to another danger of lead paint and lead poisoning – attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD.
Boys at Greater Risk
The study proved that boys are at a greater risk than girls, pointing to a specific variation in a genetic dopamine receptor (DRD4-7). Children with this genetic variation who have exposure to lead are at a greater risk of developing ADHD. The connection between lead poisoning and attention problems has long been known, and it was this connection that spurred doctors to research a potential link between ADHD and lead poisoning.
Doctors split the children studied into two groups – a high- and low-risk category of DRD4 variation. Though exposure to lead paint and other lead did not seem to increase the risk for children with the high-risk variety, the low-risk group was significantly affected by the presence of lead.
A Series of Disorders
ADHD children are not the only victims of lead poisoning – lead exposure can lead to disorders in almost every part of the body. The nervous system is a common casualty of lead exposure, with reduced strength and inability for different body parts to effectively communicate with one another. The potential for miscarriage is increased by lead exposure, and sperm production can be endangered in men who are exposed to lead paint or particles. Though there is no conclusive proof that lead is carcinogenic (cancer-causing) to humans, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has determined that lead is a potential human carcinogen.
Protecting Children from Lead Poisoning
Children are by far the most vulnerable to lead poisoning. Children ingest lead in a number of ways – through chewing on paint chips in old houses, eating soil or dust that has been contaminated with lead, or biting ceramics or other objects that have been coated in lead-based paint. Young children are at significant risk through their ingestion habits, but fetuses and babies are at risk, too: premature birth and even miscarriage are well-known side effects of lead exposure.
In order to reduce the risk of lead poisoning for children, parents should be vigilant about what goes in their children’s mouth. They should keep close watch on children who chew or lick painted surfaces and keep cosmetics and other lead-based pigments away from children. Frequent hand and face washing can keep lead dust from getting in the mouths and mucus membranes of children. In addition, your child should be tested for lead at one or two years of age.
Legal Options for Lead Poisoning
If you or your child have been injured by lead poisoning, contact a medical professional immediately. You may be liable for damages due to your lead-based medical problems. It is best to consult an experienced lead poisoning attorney who can provide you with legal consultation and support as you litigate your lead poisoning claim. You may be eligible for compensation or damages to help pay for medical bills and pain and suffering.

Lead Poisoning Threatens Pregnant Women

The dangers of lead paint and lead poisoning include a broad range of mental disorders and chronic disabilities. But lead paint and lead poisoning is especially dangerous for women, who run the risk of passing dangerous lead exposure on to developing fetuses while pregnant. Here are some ways that women can experience a safe pregnancy free from the effects of lead poisoning:
Clean Up!
Cleanliness is next to godliness…and can help pregnant women escape the dangers of toxic lead exposure. Pregnant women should clean the house when they see the presence of chipping paint or dust – both of which can contain lead particles. Cover chipping paint in your home with duct tape, plastic or contact paper, and vacuum dust whenever possible. A wet cloth will help wash down painted and dusty surfaces, protecting you from lead particles and their potential dangers to you and your fetus.

Hand-washing, while common-sense, is not practiced enough, so be sure to wash up after interacting with soil, which might contain lead toxins, and before preparing food or eating. Wear garden gloves and wash up after dusting or mopping to prevent cross-contamination with your food or water.
Craft With Care
Ceramic and other pottery may have its appeal, but with lead paint posing a very real threat to your fetus, it may be a good idea to avoid ceramic crafts until after your pregnancy. If you must interact with lead-containing pottery or paint during your pregnancy, be sure to wash your hands well afterwards and wear protective clothing. Solder is a bad idea while pregnant, so hand the soldering iron off to another crafty woman during your pregnancy. Change your clothing after working with lead-filled crafts materials and be sure to wash them away from other family members’ garments.
Take Care At Work
Occupational exposure to lead is dangerous for men and women, but pregnant women run the additional risk of lead contamination to their unborn children. If you work with soldering irons, welding materials, lead-based paint, common construction site chemicals and items, or work in a factory setting, you may be putting your fetus at risk. Ask your employer about a transfer to a lower-risk area of the factory, and be sure to wash hands often. Put your work clothing in a separate hamper and wash it separately from other family’s garments. Keep lead-exposed shoes outside of the house and be sure to vacuum well if they go into the house. Educate yourself about the hazards of lead exposure and be certain to talk to your doctor about how your prenatal care can reflect your concern about lead poisoning and lead exposure.
Seek Legal Advice for Exposure
If you have been exposed to lead paint or other lead at work or at home, consult a doctor and then a lawyer. An experienced lead poisoning attorney can help you recover money for the injury, pain and suffering caused by toxic lead paint exposure that affects the health of you and your baby.

Lead Based Paint What a Buyer Should Know

Anytime a person buys an older home, it is only logical to assume that some lead-based paint is on the premises. Typically, this is not much of a concern unless the paint is flaking off or if a major renovation is planned.

If purchasing a home built before 1982, a buyer might expect it to contain some lead in the paint that was used over the years. The manufacture of lead-based paint was discontinued in 1978; however existing product was used in homes through 1982, when supplies were depleted. The general guideline is to expect at least a strong probability of lead-based paints in older homes. This information applies to exterior and interior painted surfaces. Inside the home, lead-based paint was more common for trim than on the walls.

Lead-based paint is not considered to be a problem as long as the substance does not become airborne or easy to access (no flaking off — so a child could ingest pieces). Maintaining all siding, exterior trim, interior trim, walls and woodwork in a well-painted and covered state minimizes possible exposure to lead. If a buyer has a special concern about lead based paints, easy and affordable lab tests are available to positively identify these products. When renovating or remodeling, a number of safety precautions should be followed if lead-based paint is present. An online search for “lead-based paint” will quickly provide the consumer with a full range of safety tips as compiled by numerous government agencies and other industry professionals.

EPA Creates a mess with lead-based paint

EPA makes a mess with lead-based paint
There’s a rush on to get remodelers and other contractors who work in older homes qualified to keep working after new regulations surrounding lead-based paint hit the books — and homeowners’ pocketbooks — in a few weeks. 

Buying Older Character Homes: What You Should Know About Lead Paint

For many home buyers the fabulous potential and charm in older character homes is well worth the time and effort that it can take to restore or renovate them; restoring or renovating older homes isn’t just a time and money sink however, it can also be a health hazard. In homes pre-dating 1940, it is assured that lead paint was most certainly used inside the home and possibly outside as well; homes between that time and the early 1970s may well have lead paint in them as well.

You may well wonder what the danger is in having lead paint on the walls of your home, after all, it’s not like you or anyone in your family is going to be chewing on them—at least not that you’re aware of. Well, it just so happens that you don’t have to chew on a painted wall to get lead poisoning from the paint on it. It is true that one way that you can get lead poisoning is from ingesting paint chips that have come off the deteriorating surface of a painted surface but that is less likely to occur than from exposure to lead dust. When aged paint deteriorates it breaks down—or “chalks”—releasing lead dust; this dust is picked up off the wall and other surfaces from touch and may be ingested when you put your hands to your mouth, it can also be inhaled from the air.

Exposure to lead particles can cause permanent damage to children and adults alike; lead paint is the major source of lead poisoning in children. In children the repercussions are usually brain damage, impaired mental function, and hindered mental and physical development. Pregnant women exposed to lead dust can also pass these types of effects on their fetus through their bloodstream, making it a very important component to rid your house of when you have or are expecting children. Adults can certainly suffer from lead poisoning as well, but because their development is complete, the results are different. Lead poisoning in adults causes irritability, poor coordination, nerve damage, reproductive problems, and high blood pressure.

The only way to tell if you have lead poisoning is to have a blood test to check for levels of lead in your system.

Slightly more complicated is testing for lead in your home. While there are home tests available, they deliver poor results and are quite likely to deliver inaccurate results. Lab tests will give accurate results and are quite reasonable cost-wise. Lab tests to check for lead paint will ask you to submit a number of paint samples cut from the walls of your home.

To keep your family safe and healthy it is recommended that you wet-wipe down lead paint surfaces to keep dust to a minimum until you can have the lead paint professionally removed by a lead abatement specialist. While the paint is being removed from your home it is best to stay elsewhere so that you don’t increase your exposure. To help reduce your exposure you can also use a high-phosphorus cleaner to keep the amount of lead dust to a minimum; any cleaning solutions are only a temporary measure against exposure though, don’t rely on that to keep your family safe.

Don’t let the possibility of lead paint scare you away from buying older homes, they can be amazing places to live and many of them have already had their paint removed by previous owners. If you do need to have the paint removed in one of these otherwise idyllic abodes rest assured that the final result will be well worth the time and effort.

Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act

There are many regulations and statutes pertaining to lead-paint hazards. We’re providing you with links to a number of the most important ones, especially as they relate to our grant programs.

Information on EPA’s Renovation, Repair and Painting Rule

Title X Regulations (Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act)

The Environmental Protection Agency‘s Lead Regulations for Lead in Paint, Dust, and Soil

U.S. Department of Labor – Occupational Safety & Health Administration

• Public Law 102-550 – Residential Lead-based Paint Hazard Reduction Act of 1992
• Title X, Sections 1012 and 1013 – Requirements for the Notification, Evaluation, and Reduction of Lead-Based Paint Hazards in Federally Owned Residential Property and Housing Receiving Federal Assistance.
  Visit HUD‘s Lead-Safe Housing Rule web site to learn more.
• Title X, Section 1018 – Requirements for the Disclosure of Known Lead-Based Paint and/or Lead-Based Paint Hazards in Housing (HUD’s Lead-Based Paint Disclosure Rule web site has more information)

The Renovation, Repair and Painting Rule

Common renovation activities like sanding, cutting, and demolition can create hazardous lead dust and chips by disturbing lead-based paint, which can be harmful to adults and children.

On April 22, 2008, EPA issued a rule requiring the use of lead-safe practices and other actions aimed at preventing lead poisoning. Under the rule, beginning in April 2010, contractors performing renovation, repair and painting projects that disturb lead-based paint in homes, child care facilities, and schools built before 1978 must be certified and must follow specific work practices to prevent lead contamination. Until that time, HUD and EPA recommend that anyone performing renovation, repair, and painting projects that disturb lead-based paint in pre-1978 homes, child care facilities and schools follow lead-safe work practices.

There are some differences between the EPA RRP Rule and the HUD Lead Safe Housing Rule (LSHR). A major difference is that the LSHR requires clearance examinations. All housing receiving federal assistance must still comply with the LSHR. OHHLHC provides Information on complying with the LSHR and RRP, and Frequently-asked Questions from Grantees. Additional information for renovators is available.

All contractors should follow these three simple procedures:

From December 2008, the rule has required that contractors performing renovation, repair and painting projects that disturb lead-based paint provide to owners and occupants of child care facilities and to parents and guardians of children under age six that attend child care facilities built prior to 1978 the lead hazard information pamphlet Renovate Right: Important Lead Hazard Information for Families, Child Care Providers, and Schools (PDF) | en español (PDF)

Starting on April 22, 2010, the rule will affect paid renovators who work in pre-1978 housing and child-occupied facilities, including:

Read EPA’s Lead Renovation, Repair and Painting Program Rule.

Additional information on becoming an EPA-certified renovator or training provider is available on EPA’s Renovator and Trainer Tool Box site.

Effective Dates of the Rule

• Renovation contractors
• Maintenance workers in multi-family housing
• Painters and other specialty trades.

Under the rule, child-occupied facilities are defined as residential, public or commercial buildings where children under age six are present on a regular basis. The requirements apply to renovation, repair or painting activities. The rule does not apply to minor maintenance or repair activities where less than six square feet of lead-based paint is disturbed in a room or where less then 20 square feet of lead-based paint is disturbed on the exterior. Window replacement is not minor maintenance or repair.

• Contain the work area.
• Minimize dust.
• Clean up thoroughly.

lead paint Video for Children

wash your hands before you eat kiddies!